Warmer winters with saturated soils are well known for their property to cause nitrogen leaching, and thus increase fertilizer demand.

For review, see: Kaye, J. P., & Quemada, M. (2017). Using cover crops to mitigate and adapt to climate change. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 37(1), [4].

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-016-0410-x