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Climate observations Climate projections

The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

Bad

Fair

Good

Excellent

Year	Winter soft wheat	Spring soft wheat	Rye	Spring barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring oat	Triticale	Buckwheat	Winter rapeseed	Spring rapeseed	Spring field bean	Spring field peas	Potatoes	Sugar beet	Maize silage
	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha
2000	35	25	27	24	21	29	10	25	14			170	318	314.7
2001	32	26	24	23	20	26	11	22	14			99	317	274.2
2002	40	30	28	25	21	31	6	20	15			165	340	241.3
2003	35	36	29	30	28	29	9	15	19	29	27	161	365	320
2004	43	38	30	30	26	33	8	29	18	21	17	151	369	201
2005	41	38	28	29	23	30	7	25	18	15	19	141	383	277.5
2006	26	22	26	21	16	21	3	17	11	7	15	97	387	223.1
2007	43	33	30	27	23	31	8	20	17	12	14	125	464	335.1
2008	48	33	32	30	24	35	9	26	17	17	21	163	397	279.8
2009	47	39	32	32	27	33	6	27	19	31	19	144	446	298.7
2010	32	33	20	24	19	25	8	16	15	15	15	134	522	302.1
2011	36	38	22	30	22	31	10	21	20	20	19	174	517	372.9
2012	55	45	36	36	27	44	8	34	21	18	23	220	537	331.8
2013	50	44	25	35	24	34	9	25	19	23	25	174	574	304.5
2014	54	48	29	41	28	39	8	32	20	32	26	180	640	315.3
2015	60	49	39	44	29	45	8	35	19	29	32	193	474	245.9
2016	50	36	27	32	25	39	12	26	17	33	29	147	646	280.7
2017	53	37	36	38	29	39	11	31	19	34	29	193	581	297.4
Minimum	26	22	20	21	16	21	3	15	11	7	14	97	317	201
Maximum	60	49	39	44	29	45	12	35	21	34	32	220	646	372.9
Average	43.33	36.11	28.89	30.61	24.00	33.00	8.39	24.78	17.33	22.40	22.00	157.28	459.83	289.78

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