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Climate observations Climate projections

The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

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Excellent

Year	Winter soft wheat	Spring soft wheat	Rye	Winter barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring oat	Winter rapeseed	Spring rapeseed	Linseed oil	Spring field bean	Spring field peas	Potatoes	Temporary grasslands
	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha
2000	56	42	50		36	37	31	17	3		23	281
2001	59	43	50		40	38	27	22	6		26	258
2002	61	42	52		45	42	33	22			30	265
2003	51	38	49		38	38	25	18			24	255	48.4
2004	57	37	55		45	42	33	23		22	29	278	43.4
2005	63	38	48		41	40	30	17	12	24	25	277	45.8
2006	60	36	52		37	34	30	17	12	20	27	281	40.7
2007	59	34	48		43	45	30	18		19	22	284	43.3
2008	55	32	50	54	41	37	28	21		23	27	310	44.1
2009	52	37	48	39	46	39	22	18	16	31	28	305	50.6
2010	57	38	42	51	44	42	28	16	14	28	27	292	46.4
2011	52	36	41	47	45	41	25	19	12	35	18	280	45.2
2012	60	39	52		44	40	27	17	11	30	25	303	44.8
2013	58	46	46	52	51	46	23	21		36	34	320	44
2014	68	40	57	71	47	44	39	19		36	30	323	52.9
2015	74	40	62	65	48	47	41	18		39	33	324	61.1
2016	61	43	57	48	49	49	29	20	18	37	35	335	51.8
2017	76	41	61	64	53	48	36			36	35	331	54.7
Minimum	51	32	41	39	36	34	22	16	3	19	18	255	40.7
Maximum	76	46	62	71	53	49	41	23	18	39	35	335	61.1
Average	59.94	39.00	51.11	54.56	44.06	41.61	29.83	19.00	11.56	29.71	27.67	294.56	47.81

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