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Climate observations Climate projections

The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

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Fair

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Excellent

Year	Winter soft wheat	Spring soft wheat	Rye	Winter barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring oat	Winter rapeseed	Spring rapeseed	Linseed oil	Spring field bean	Spring field peas	Potatoes	Temporary grasslands
	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha
2000	61	48	49		47	46	31	20	12		34	268
2001	58	44	51		43	34	26	20	11		35	279
2002	60	48	56		43	43	32	19	20		33	279
2003	48	45	52		44	45	23	18	21		32	282	43.5
2004	61	48	62		50	47	37	22	22		38	323	47.2
2005	67	48	57		45	41	34	18	18		29	312	44.3
2006	59	41	53		42	37	30	19	15		29	316	44.3
2007	67	44	58		50	49	34	19	21		30	292	43.2
2008	67	39	64		43	35	30	21	16	25	33	332	36.8
2009	66	49	62	58	52	45	27	16	21	38	33	325	49.8
2010	55	42	45	42	40	28	22	13	14	21	23	319	55.3
2011	56	41	58	50	49	39	30	20	18	35	37	362	43.4
2012	67	41	66		50	40	36	20	16	40	31	347	46.4
2013	61	51	53	56	52	44	27	20	20	35	39	355	39.4
2014	71	46	70	65	49	39	36	15	17	28	36	365	46.5
2015	76	44	75	81	53	42	41		21	42	39	362	61.5
2016	68	51	69	63	54	48	31		21	33	42	355	47.1
2017	77	52	74	75	61	50	32		20	36	39	389	53.2
Minimum	48	39	45	42	40	28	22	13	11	21	23	268	36.8
Maximum	77	52	75	81	61	50	41	22	22	42	42	389	61.5
Average	63.61	45.67	59.67	61.25	48.17	41.78	31.06	18.67	18.00	33.30	34.00	325.67	46.79

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