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Climate observations Climate projections

The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

Bad

Fair

Good

Excellent

Year	Winter soft wheat	Spring soft wheat	Rye	Winter barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring oat	Triticale	Cereals mixed and only cereals	Buckwheat	Winter rapeseed	Spring rapeseed	Spring field bean	Spring field peas	Potatoes
	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha
2000	27	22	32		24	23		21	12				24	156
2001	26	24	31		23	20	27	20	9				22	159
2002	31	22	35		22	19	31	19	10			15	31	135
2003	20	26	23	6	22	19	18	20	21			8	17	147
2004	34	24	40	56	25	23	25	46	6	12	16	7	23	114
2005	44	30	40	33	29	25	33	35	12	21	18	5	17	172
2006	35	27	39	24	27	23	28	41	9	17	14	3	13	143
2007	50	39	36	29	32	29	45	23	9	23	18	9	23	188
2008	43	32	39	40	29	26	52	15	2	22	16	19	15	148
2009	34	32	35	19	30	29	28	15	6	19	19	25	22	154
2010	35	29	39	23	28	21	34	19	5	21	15	10	23	186
2011	36	29	35	24	28	25	38	35	9	18	18	8	21	188
2012	53	37	48	39	37	26	56		4	27	17	15	10	165
2013	36	39	48	36	36	25	36	25	7	27	20	16	30	195
2014	47	41	41	0	44	22	51	29	6	21	17		23	159
2015	57	42	41	47	45	27	59	30	10	31	21	27	28	241
2016	30	24	40	35	25	19	43	25	9	14	14	22	20	118
2017	52	38	52	54	46	26	51	31	5	25	16	15	15	239
Minimum	20	22	23	0	22	19	18	15	2	12	14	3	10	114
Maximum	57	42	52	56	46	29	59	46	21	31	21	27	31	241
Average	38.33	30.94	38.56	31.00	30.67	23.72	38.53	26.41	8.39	21.29	17.07	13.60	20.94	167.06

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