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Climate observations Climate projections

The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

Bad

Fair

Good

Excellent

Year	Winter soft wheat	Spring soft wheat	Rye	Spring barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring oat	Winter rapeseed	Spring rapeseed	Linseed oil	Spring field peas	Potatoes	Temporary grasslands
	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha
2000	54	46	41	41	45		21	9	29	169
2001	48	39	31	36	33		20		24
2002	59	45	46	42	40		23		29	176
2003	50	48	34	46	44		21		34	209	37.7
2004	61	51	53	48	43		23		36	185	38.2
2005	58	51	52	43	40		21	18	31	180	44.6
2006	54	44	43	41	39	24	18		32		39.5
2007	62	45	62	47	45	30	21		31		40.3
2008	61	40	56	45	38	18	20		23
2009	53	44	48	43	39		22		30		45.8
2010	50	41		39	30	27	18	11	23		45.1
2011	39	32	33	36	32	24	21		26		33.9
2012	62	36	49	40	37	29	22		25		49.6
2013	30	43		43	36		17		28		36.7
2014	69	47	48	47	43	33	20		32		57.2
2015	72	53	57	48	47	36	23	20	38		43.8
2016	61	45		50	40	32	25	21	37		46
2017	63	48		51	45	34	20		33		33.9
Minimum	30	32	31	36	30	18	17	9	23	169	33.9
Maximum	72	53	62	51	47	36	25	21	38	209	57.2
Average	55.89	44.33	46.64	43.67	39.78	28.70	20.89	15.80	30.06	183.80	42.31

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