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Climate observations Climate projections

The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

Bad

Fair

Good

Excellent

Year	Winter soft wheat	Spring soft wheat	Rye	Spring barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Winter barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Spring oat	Triticale	Winter rapeseed	Spring rapeseed	Spring field bean	Spring field peas	Potatoes	Temporary grasslands	Maize silage
	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha	q/ha
2000	27	22	32	24		23					24	156
2001	26	24	31	23		20	27				22	159
2002	31	22	35	22		19	30			15	30	135
2003	20	26	23	22	6	19	17			8	17	147
2004	34	24	40	25	56	23	25	12	16	7	23	114	122	231
2005	44	30	40	29	33	25	33	21	18	5	17	172	143	210
2006	35	27	39	27	24	23	28	17	14	3	13	143	86	156
2007	50	39	36	32	28	29	45	23	18	9	23	188	114	253
2008	43	32	39	29	40	26	52	22	16	19	15	148	131	176
2009	34	32	35	30	19	29	28	19	19	25	22	154	124	250
2010	35	29	39	28	23	21	34	21	15	10	23	186	106	185
2011	36	29	35	28	24	25	38	18	18	8	21	188	118	294
2012	52	37	48	36	39	26	56	27	17	15	10	165	154	258
2013	36	39	48	36	36	25	36	27	20	16	30	195	122	307
2014	47	41	41	44	0	22	51	21	17		23	159	138	262
2015	57	42	41	45	47	27	59	31	21	27	28	241	150	285
2016	30	24	40	25	35	19	42	13	14	22	20	118	107	275
2017	43	30	46	40	53	26	36	32	16	5	7	171	99	220
Minimum	20	22	23	22	0	19	17	12	14	3	7	114	86	156
Maximum	57	42	48	45	56	29	59	32	21	27	30	241	154	307
Average	37.78	30.50	38.22	30.28	30.87	23.72	37.47	21.71	17.07	12.93	20.44	163.28	122.43	240.14

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