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The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.
Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.
Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)
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| Year | Wheat | winter-durum-wheat | Maïze for grain irrigated | Maïze for grain rainfed | Permanent grasslands | Permanent grasslands (protein content) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tons/ha | tons/ha | tons/ha | tons/ha | q DM/ha | g/kg DM | |
| 2000 | 0.887 | 14.250 | 14.23 | 88.60 | ||
| 2001 | 2.226 | 0.610 | 11.000 | 2.000 | 8.78 | 103.50 |
| 2002 | 3.048 | 0.556 | 10.500 | 16.09 | 98.70 | |
| 2003 | 2.856 | 0.383 | 10.720 | 15.85 | 98.00 | |
| 2004 | 3.397 | 0.477 | 10.500 | 2.000 | 8.86 | 112.60 |
| 2005 | 1.533 | 0.369 | 9.600 | |||
| 2006 | 2.350 | 0.758 | 10.850 | 6.000 | ||
| 2007 | 4.108 | 0.525 | 10.000 | 5.400 | ||
| 2008 | 4.208 | 0.286 | 9.500 | 2.500 | ||
| 2009 | 2.048 | 0.286 | 11.300 | |||
| 2010 | 2.821 | 0.556 | 12.300 | |||
| 2011 | 3.627 | 0.370 | 13.000 | 5.000 | ||
| 2012 | 2.659 | 0.356 | 12.835 | 5.000 | ||
| 2013 | 3.449 | 0.390 | 11.000 | 5.000 | ||
| 2014 | 2.404 | 0.295 | 12.250 | |||
| 2015 | 0.429 | |||||
| 2016 | ||||||
| 2017 | ||||||
| Minimum | 1.533 | 0.286 | 9.5 | 2 | 8.78 | 88.6 |
| Maximum | 4.208 | 0.887 | 14.25 | 6 | 16.09 | 112.6 |
| Average | 2.91 | 0.47 | 11.31 | 4.11 | 12.76 | 100.28 |