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The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

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Year	Winter soft wheat	Winter barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Winter durum wheat	Maize for grain	Grain Sorghum	Winter rapeseed	Sunflower	Spring field peas	Broad bean	Maize silage	Temporary grasslands	Permanent grasslands	Vineyards	olive-rainfed	almond-rainfed	Apple
	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	hl/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha
2000	39	43	28	90	50	22	15	30	24	65	40	12	81	16.0	8.0	364
2001	36	41	24	90	50	15	15	25	24	65	37	10	73	9.0	7.0	305
2002	40	48	35	100	47	22	16	35	15	70	34	10	68	20.0	4.4	553
2003	34	46	28	94	31	20	12	26	10	60	21	7	63	23.0	9.3	351
2004	42	45	37	95	54	25	15	25	20	85	39	15	74	17.0	10.0	394
2005	35	40	31	85	61	28	13	30	20	80	17	11	63	18.0	8.2	458
2006	28	30	23	82	57	22	12	25	15	80	28	17	67	20.2	7.9	371
2007	43	36	36	93	60	25	25	22	17	80	47	24	60	22.4	3.0	380
2008	34	30	27	72	58	25	25	20	18	80	47	25	58	34.9	7.0	399
2009	34	30	32	77	53	17	18	40	17	80	35	20	55	20.1	7.0	400
2010	38	41	32	80	50	17	12	28	20	73	53	29	57	29.4	5.0	470
2011	38	40	31	95	55	23	20	25	20	78	51	26	73	10.6	4.2	500
2012	38	38	21	90	55	25	15	21	20	65	47	25	59	24.7	6.5	486
2013	45	40	41	70	52	28	18	28	20	78	59	31	71	16.1	3.4	440
2014	22	27	17	80	35	12	20	20	15	78	39	22	58	9.0	4.2	477
2015	37	38	33	70	45	20	17	17	15	72	47	27	68	17.4	5.2	514
2016	28	35	22	75	40	20	17	15	14	53	47	24	57	8.7	5.2	520
2017	47	37	43	75	35	21	17	24	15	45	35	18	50	13.2	8.8	614
Minimum	22	27	17	70	31	12	12	15	10	45	17	7	50	8.7	3	305
Maximum	47	48	43	100	61	28	25	40	24	85	59	31	81	34.9	10	614
Average	36.56	38.06	30.06	84.06	49.33	21.50	16.78	25.33	17.72	71.50	40.17	19.61	64.17	18.32	6.35	444.22

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