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The yield level of a crop can be extremely variable from one year to another, even for the same geographic locality. To see this variability, it is necessary to use yield compilations over several years.

Below, the average annual yields of different categories of crops are compiled from the harvest 2000 to harvest 2017. A color gradient ranging from green to red helps to detect visually the level of annual performance. For the worst years appearing in red, it is then possible to wonder about the limiting climatic factors as well as their current trends.

Sources for yields: Estonia (Statistics Estonia), France (Agreste, SAA), Germany (Statistische Landesämter), Spain (MAPA), Other countries (FAO Stat)

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Year	Winter soft wheat	Winter barley (and/or six rowed barley)	Winter durum wheat	Maize for grain	Grain Sorghum	Triticale	Winter rapeseed	Sunflower	Soybean	Spring field peas	Temporary grasslands	Permanent grasslands	Vineyards	olive-rainfed	Apple
	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha	hl/ha	100 kg/ha	100 kg/ha
2000	35	45	38	86	52	30	21	27	30	25	64	53	63	10.0	421
2001	29	35	28	78	52	21	10	23	30	25	65	61	48	15.0	461
2002	37	40	39	92	50	28	14	26	30	26	66	58	45	14.0	431
2003	27	30	25	60	45	30	13	19	15	11	56	24	48	13.0	367
2004	41	40	42	98	55	32	25	23	15	12	50	18	46	11.0	449
2005	39	42	39	89	58	35	35	23	15	25	57	19	43	13.0	449
2006	29	31	29	82	41	31	31	19	15	16	54	21	46	9.0	393
2007	41	47	42	100	60	35	24	29		32	62	52	46	15.0	380
2008	45	47	44	90	55	35	20	30	25	22	64	54	39	19.0	350
2009	40	42	33	86	45	35	18	25	25	20	58	47	40	17.0	345
2010	40	42	42	105	38	40	15	20		20	77	66	40	18.0	450
2011	38	40	38	107	50	40	16	24	25	28	43	37	47	15.3	443
2012	41	38	36	115	35	40	17	18	28	28	40	34	41	16.0	510
2013	43	42	46	95	40	40	24	20	28	28	93	80	35	22.7	543
2014	36	30	34	105	45	35	20	19	28	35	56	44	52	9.0	475
2015	36	28	37	75	44	35	22	19	28	20	46	39	47	22.7	492
2016	40	41	45	90	46	36	25	23	24	23	35	30	48	9.3	482
2017	29	31	46	90	43	35	25	20	25	23	54	49	34	12.9	433
Minimum	27	28	25	60	35	21	10	18	15	11	35	18	34	9	345
Maximum	45	47	46	115	60	40	35	30	30	35	93	80	63	22.7	543
Average	37.00	38.39	37.94	91.28	47.44	34.06	20.83	22.61	24.13	23.28	57.78	43.67	44.89	14.55	437.44

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